tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-103125292024-03-04T23:14:28.551-08:00Citizen YangLaw and the EnvironmentTseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.comBlogger123125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-81578480192012622722016-06-22T15:21:00.001-07:002016-06-22T15:23:03.004-07:00Transitioning of blog to new site - citizenyang.comI am combining this blog with the environmental jobs/internship/fellowships opportunities blog and transitioning it to a wordpress platform. It will now be accessible at citizenyang.com. Please check there for recent posts (though it is still a work-in-progress, so please bear with me).Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-4368227582073642602016-02-13T14:31:00.000-08:002016-02-13T14:35:58.043-08:00Mysteries, Myths, and Misunderstandings: Ten things that every American environmental professional should know about China before engaging with the world’s second-largest economyHere is an essay/commentary of mine that will be published in the Environmental Forum in March:<br />
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<iframe height="800" src="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B8_QLITyVtEcN2tFbEtJOU9YSnc/preview" width="640"></iframe>Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-5179337302266478712016-02-13T13:17:00.002-08:002016-02-13T13:17:28.169-08:00Op-Ed in run-up to Paris Climate AgreementHere is an op-ed that was published back in December 2015 in run-up to the Paris Climate Agreement. <br />
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http://www.mystatesman.com/news/news/opinion/yang-obamas-vision-lands-historic-win-for-america-/npgqY/Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-12220244181332258982015-06-24T15:33:00.000-07:002015-06-24T15:33:02.093-07:00Former EPA General Counsel Scott Fulton to Serve as Next President of Environmental Law Institutehttp://www.eli.org/news/former-epa-general-counsel-scott-fulton-serve-next-president-environmental-law-institute<br />
<br />Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-48769810286349676942015-06-18T15:13:00.003-07:002015-06-18T15:13:24.047-07:00Encyclical Released<br />
The Papal Encyclical on the Environment and Climate Change was released today, as expected.<br />
http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/encyclicals/documents/papa-francesco_20150524_enciclica-laudato-si.html<br />
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A quick perusal indicates that it is pretty much the same as the leaked draft. Chapter 5 discusses international environmental law and governance extensively, generally mentioning the 2012 Rio+20 Conference (para. 169) and praising the 1992 Rio Declaration (para. 167) as well as three international environmental agreements (para. 168)-- the 1989 Basel Convention on Hazardous Wastes, 1972 CITES, and the 1985 Vienna Convention on the Ozone Layer. As noted, it also discusses two key environmental governance principles and their importance to government transparency and engagement of civil society: the duty to conduct environmental impact assessments and the precautionary principle. It also references the need for enforceable environmental agreements (para. 173), certainly an important weak ingredient in international environmental law.<br />
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One thing that I didn't catch in my first reading was the significant emphasis on national environmental governance in the "Dialogue on National and Local Policies," especially the importance of the rule of law and good governance (para. 177) and reference to the growing jurisprudence of pollution law. The listing of factors that must be considered in designing systems to protect the environment ("foresight and security, regulatory norms, timely enforcement, the elimination of corruption, effective responses to undesired side-effects of production processes, and appropriate intervention where potential or uncertain risks are involved") included considerations that have also been considered by others to be critical to effective environmental governance.<br />
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It's also been pointed out to me that the Encyclical denounces carbon trading as a form of speculation and avoidance of commitment to curbing excessive consumption (para. 171). Strictly viewed, such wholesale condemnation seems to go overboard since pollution allowance trading schemes have proven themselves, not only in the US acid rain (SO2 trading) program but also in the context of the Montreal Protocol agreements regarding ozone layer protection (which allowed for the trading of ozone-depleting substances allowances, though they were supposed to be reduced and eventually eliminated). And of course, carbon trading is a critical element of California's cutting-edge effort to reduce its state-wide carbon emissions. On the other hand, many international and national schemes to trade carbon credits have been of dubious value, primarily because program/market design didn't actually ensure that there were "real" reductions in carbon emission and because there are oftentimes no effective accountability mechanisms to ensure the integrity of those system. From that "real-world" perspective (based on how many carbon markets have operated in practice), the Encyclical's characterization is arguably spot-on and reflects the views of many critics of carbon trading.<br />
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<br />Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-23649142287428060112015-06-17T22:00:00.000-07:002015-06-18T02:19:08.327-07:00The Papal Encyclical Letter on the EnvironmentPope Francis' encyclical on the environment is scheduled for official public release tomorrow, Thursday, June 18. However, a leaked draft has already made its way around the web, and somebody shared it with me. (I guess many Catholics, including at Santa Clara University, have been awaiting it eagerly.)<br />
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If the final version doesn't change much from the draft, it will be a very expansive perspective on the relationship of humans to the environment and climate change. Interestingly, chapter 5 discusses international environmental law and governance extensively. The chapter touches on the 1992 Rio Declaration (para. 167) , the 2012 Rio+20 Conference (para. 169) and three international environmental agreements (para. 168)-- the 1989 Basel Convention on Hazardous Wastes, 1972 CITES, and the 1985 Vienna Convention on the Ozone Layer. It also discusses at some length two key environmental governance principles and their importance to government transparency and engagement of civil society: the duty to conduct environmental impact assessments and the precautionary principle.<br />
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Most remarkable, however, is the encyclical's critique of the effectiveness of international environmental law and treaties generally, especially failings of enforceability (para.173). The document recognizes how critical the rule of law is to protecting the environment and that good governance in national systems is indispensable to that endeavor. <br />
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Based on a quick perusal of the encyclical, virtually all of these positions and perspectives appear to be squarely within the mainstream of what experts in the field, both scientists as well as experts on law and governance, think about the environmental issues and associated governance matters. It is thus surprising to me that some media outlets have described the encyclical as potentially very controversial. However, we will see soon how the public reacts to all of this.Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-18282441887359789482014-11-14T16:31:00.002-08:002014-11-14T16:31:37.303-08:00The US-China Climate "Deal"It's been interesting to observe the many initial media reports on Tuesday's climate change target announcements, characterizing the joint announcements about climate targets as "deals" or "agreement." Then, after the initial media euphoria, much more criticism, both explaining that there wasn't a deal and also that China's commitment may not mean much. (For example, Harvard's Jack Goldsmith sought to de-hype the media reports in the <a href="http://www.lawfareblog.com/2014/11/the-u-s-china-climate-deal-does-less-than-has-been-hyped/" target="_blank">Lawfare blog</a>.)<br />
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On the deal issue, a careful reading of the announcement itself indicates that the US and China's pledges were unilateral commitments that were not in themselves formally linked to each other. So, of course not a deal in the formal sense of an agreement or a treaty. On the other hand, a <a href="http://online.wsj.com/articles/u-s-china-accord-was-months-in-making-1415841156" target="_blank">Wall Street Journal article</a> discussing the run-up to the announcement as well as its orchestration leave little doubt that the decision to announce these goals publicly were the result of mutual reliance on the other's public announcement of future action on GHG emissions. And that sense, the announcement represents a "deal," at least to give the public appearance of going forward in cooperation. Either way one looks at it, though, there really was never any question that these pledges are not intended to be enforceable in any way.<br />
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Regardless, enthusiasm for the announcements, was still justified in my opinion - this level of engagement and specificity of public pledges by the US and China on climate change and their mutual engagement on the issue is historic and of critical important for the international community.<br />
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I do remain puzzled by the broad media assumption that China's pledge will simply come true, in spite of the difficulties China has had in managing and addressing its existing pollution. Not that the 2030 peak emission goal could not be achieved, especially since it is so far out and there is so much time. But I don't think there is real certainty, unless the underlying regulatory system is reformed in the process. Even with the anticipation of further industrial restructuring and macro-economic changes that will seek to change energy usage and supply so as to limit GHG emissions, it is not clear that that will be enough because of ongoing governance, implementation, and accountability difficulties.<br />
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But the underlying regulatory and governance challenges that have made it difficult to solve the existing pollution problems also point to an opportunity. If China's <i>existing</i> pollution control laws and accountability mechanisms were to be implemented effectively, including those contained in the recent 2014 Environmental Protection Law Revisions, that could justify much greater optimism about China's GHG emission trajectory.Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-25037775981391557892014-11-11T22:28:00.004-08:002014-11-11T22:28:46.015-08:00Joint US-China Announcement on Climate Change TargetsIt's just been reported in the <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/12/world/asia/china-us-xi-obama-apec.html?_r=0" target="_blank">NY Times</a> that US President Obama and China's President Xi Jinping made a joint announcements about greenhouse gas emission targets. There is also already a <a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/11/11/fact-sheet-us-china-joint-announcement-climate-change-and-clean-energy-c" target="_blank">Fact Sheet from the White House</a> on this. The US will reduce its GHG emissions by 26-28% from 2005 levels by 2025. China will peak CO2 emissions by 2030, with the intention to peak earlier and to increase the non-fossil fuel share of energy to around 20% by 2030. <br />
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These announcements compare with the US's 2009 Copenhagen pledge of 17% reduction from 2005 levels by 2020 and China's pledge of 40-45% reduction in <i>emission intensity</i> from 2005 levels by 2020 (i.e. not a pledge to actually limit GHG emissions overall, just to slow the consumption of energy per unit of GDP).<br />
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For the US, per the Fact Sheet, this would put it on a trajectory of 80% emission cuts of 2005 levels by 2050. For China is especially notable because it had previously never made public commitments about peaking its GHG emission, implying that it would actually start reducing emissions after that peak. Equally important, the joint announcement is a positive sign of US-China cooperative efforts on climate change, continuing the positive cooperative effort announced by both Presidents last year regarding HFC reductions (another potent GHG). Ideally, this joint announcement will lead to more good things, both in terms of efforts at the national level as well as cooperation in international fora, such as the UNFCCC.<br />
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But there are of course caveats to the announcement. For one thing, it's not clear whether the reference to CO2 peaking by China was intentionally specific and designed to exclude other GHGs such as methane from the plan. And the anticipated US reductions depend not only on the emission reductions will depend on ongoing regulatory efforts that may yet be challenged in the courts. Keep in mind also that the base line under the Kyoto Protocol are 1990 levels of GHG emissions; so reductions from 2005 levels will look less impressive with a 1990 baseline.<br />
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One other item that struck me in the quick read of the Fact Sheet, almost a glaring omission in the list of cooperative efforts: cooperation on environmental governance and regulation related to GHG emissions. While the joint announcement is very positive in terms of staking out an official position for China with respect to eventual GHG emission reductions, the actually progress will only partially depend on technological advances. China's weak environmental governance system will be a huge drag on any of the central government's domestic efforts to implement any national emission control objectives. The sooner this impediment to emission control is recognized, the more likely it is (and the sooner) that the announced CO2 peak will actually be realized. <br />
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The omission in the announcement is also surprising because there is much that can be built upon with ongoing EPA-MEP (Ministry of Environmental Protection) cooperation on environmental law and regulation and because these positive EPA-MEP efforts were explicitly mentioned in last year's US-China Strategic and Economic Dialogue meeting. Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-27697056898836040982014-10-18T11:22:00.001-07:002014-10-21T07:54:14.547-07:00The 2014 Revisions to China' Environmental Protection LawHere's a link to a short essay I did on the <a href="http://cgd.swissre.com/global_dialogue/topics/Environmental_liability/The_2014_Revisions_of_Chinas_Environmental_Protection_Law.html" target="_blank">2014 Revisions to China's Environmental Protection Law</a> for the <a href="http://view.mailings.swissre.com/?j=fece15737765007b&m=fe9b12727664077874&ls=fe3115757665027c721270&l=fefd1171746003&s=fe5c1777736205757114&jb=ffcf14&ju=fe9617777660047876&utm_medium=email&utm_source=RDM+Issue+No.20&utm_campaign=http%3a%2f%2fview.mailings.swissre.com%2f%3fj%3dfece15737765007b%26m%3d%%ex2%3bMemberID%%%26ls%3d%%ex2%3blistsubid%%%26l%3d%%ex2%3blistid%%%26s%3d%%ex2%3bSubscriberID%%%26jb%3d%%ex2%3b_JobSubscriberBatchID%%%26ju%3d%%ex2%3bjoburlid%%&627D77&&&&&r=0" target="_blank">"Risk Dialogue Magazine,"</a> a publication of the Swiss Re Center for Global Dialogue.<br />
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The Revisions were adopted last spring, and they introduce some important changes to China's environmental law governance system. But there are also likely to be limits, especially due to capacity limitations and governance system weaknesses, to how quickly change will result. Nevertheless, the legislative reform measure is a positive sign both for China's environmentalist civil society as well as the progressive green elements in the government.<br />
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[There is also erratum to the piece - in section III on Public Interest Litigation, the piece should have indicated that "social organisations that are registered at the municipal government level" or at a higher governmental level have standing to bring cases under Article 58. -- update - Swiss Re has been able to fixed this, and the current version is now correct.]<br />
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The piece is also available on the main Center website at<br />
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http://cgd.swissre.com/global_dialogue/topics/Environmental_liability/<br />
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Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-78995940146173772642014-10-17T12:36:00.000-07:002014-10-17T12:36:19.337-07:00Very funny law school parody ("Law School") of Maroon 5 song "I am at a Payphone"This was forwarded to me, and it was too funny (and well-done) not to share. I am not sure which law school these students are at, but kudos to them. See the youtube video link below.<br />
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9mTbofSUBso<br />
<br />Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-55757420781237137002014-10-16T21:53:00.002-07:002014-10-16T21:53:21.493-07:00Clean Energy for Rural PakistanI was forwarded this news story about Shazia Khan, a former Vermont Law School student of mine, who is working to bring clean energy to rural Pakistan. Her non-profit, Eco Energy Finance, <span style="background-color: white; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22.5px;">provides "electricity to remote areas of Pakistan for people whose lives are restricted when the sun goes down. Her idea is to harness solar power and turn it into electricity for villagers." Great example of a social entrepreneur. Full story is here:</span><br />
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http://www.timesunion.com/local/article/Lighting-up-villagers-lives-5825741.phpTseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-52231251662233844862014-09-16T09:42:00.001-07:002014-09-16T09:42:37.258-07:00Sept. 16 - World Ozone Day!Today is <a href="http://ozone.unep.org/en/ozone_day_details.php" target="_blank">world ozone day</a>, as proclaimed by the United Nations. Thus, the reports last week, that the ozone layer has made a come back is great<a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2014/09/11/try-to-keep-up-earths-ozone-layer-is-recovering-but-that-is-making-global-warming-worse/" target="_blank"> news</a>. <div>
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Except that it is not really quite news - recovery of the ozone layer has been expected for some years now. And the ozone layer is not expected to recover to 1980s levels for several more decades - because ozone depleting substances stay up in the stratospheric ozone layer for such a long time. <br /><div>
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Nevertheless, these developments are really positive and all thanks to the <a href="http://ozone.unep.org/en/montreal_protocol.php" target="_blank">1987 Montrol Protocol on Ozone Depleting Substances</a>, which has been responsible for the global phase-out of many of the worst ozone depleting substance. The ozone layer recovery reports also provides some validation for the general consensus in the international community that the Montreal Protocol system (together with the Vienna Convention the Protection of the Ozone Layer) is so far the most successful international environmental agreement that has been created. </div>
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Yay Ozone treaties!</div>
Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-12602370444253862912014-08-19T13:26:00.000-07:002014-08-19T13:26:58.767-07:00Here's me taking on the ALS ice bucket challenge issued to me by my student Andrew Palmer.<br />
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Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-59465225502747461052014-08-16T23:30:00.000-07:002014-08-17T10:07:04.615-07:00Notes on a Memorial Service for the late Vermont Law School Dean Jeff Shields<span style="font-family: Tahoma; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; widows: 2;">There was sad news from Vermont Law School a few weeks ago. First, there was Professor Cheryl Hanna's suicide -- made so much more tragic and unexpected because she was so widely admired in Vermont as a brilliant mind, popular teacher, and astute legal commentator in the media. I joined the VLS faculty just a few years after she did and was her colleague for quite a while. Over the years, Cheryl became well-connected within the state and was widely involved in many state-level policy issues. With her star rising, her sudden death seems that much more surprising (though her husband suggested in the press that it was attributable to depression).</span><br />
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Second, there was former VLS Dean Jeff Shields's death just a week later -- even if not a surprise, since he had been battling cancer for a few years, he received the cancer diagnosis while he was still Dean (and resigned as a result).
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Yesterday, I attended the memorial service for Jeff at Vermont Law School. It was a beautiful event, attended by many VLS colleagues and Vermont state officials. His family and closest friends shared their recollections of his life and some of their favorite moments of him. Being able to join in remembering him and to honor a good friend this way was a privilege, especially because he made such a big mark on my life and career. </div>
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Of course, Jeff's personality made a big mark on everybody around him. He was funny and optimistic. And he had what may be one of the most important of leadership qualities, and what I also loved most about him -- the ability to inspire confidence in others, especially confidence in themselves.</div>
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That applied especially to those of us working on the VLS China program. The China program would not have been possible without Jeff's leadership, enthusiastic support and encouragement, and mentorship.</div>
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Especially during the early part of the VLS program, when we were still trying to figure out how to do things and when it was pretty bumpy, Jeff was an ever-present cheerleader. There were times when the challenges seemed impossibly difficult. But he was always there, urging everybody on, inspiring us to rise above our limitations. One of my fondest memories of him is a variation of a pep talk he would give when things were difficult: "Think of the china project [or insert other significant challenge] as a great adventure. You don't know how things will turn, but you do know that you will have fun doing it most of the time. You'll be overwhelmed some of the time, and that there will even be occasions when you will want to call it quits. But in the end, you'll see it for what it was - a great adventure. And when you are old, you'll be able to tell your grand kids about this great adventure and what you accomplished. And then you'll be able to point to your accomplishments and tell them: 'I did that.'" </div>
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But without Jeff, none of the VLS China project and some of the other great things at VLS could not have happened and succeeded. And so I would say to Jeff now -- "you did that."</div>
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<span style="font-family: Tahoma;"><a href="http://forms.vermontlaw.edu/jeffshields/" target="_blank">Remembering Jeff Shields</a></span><br />
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<img alt="Jeff Shields, 2012" src="http://forms.vermontlaw.edu/jeffshields/JeffShieldsinrocker086.jpg" /></div>
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Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-84744855338438884912014-01-19T02:03:00.002-08:002014-01-19T02:03:42.448-08:00Environment and Human Rights Law Symposium at Santa Clara University Law School, Jan 24-25, 2014See the symposium agenda below. Please rsvp (via link on symposium webpage http://law.scu.edu/ai1ec_event/2014-journal-of-international-law-symposium-2/) if interested in attending. It will be on the Santa Clara campus.<br />
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http://law.scu.edu/ai1ec_event/2014-journal-of-international-law-symposium-2/<br />
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<em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; color: maroon; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The 2014 Santa Clara Journal of International Law Symposium</span></em></h4>
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Friday, January 24, and Saturday, January 25, 2014<br />Williman Room, Benson Center<br />Santa Clara University</div>
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<a href="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Environment-and-Human-Rights.jpg" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="Environment and Human Rights" class="wp-image-553371 aligncenter" height="202" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Environment-and-Human-Rights.jpg" style="border: 0px; display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px auto; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="232" /></a></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://alumnidirectory.scu.edu/law-environment-and-human-rights-law-symposium" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 1em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">Register for the symposium here<div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://alumnidirectory.scu.edu/law-environment-and-human-rights-law-symposium" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 1em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;"></a></span></div>
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Hosted by Santa Clara Law, the <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Santa Clara Journal of International Law</i>, and the Center for Global Law and Policy</div>
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Co-sponsored by:</div>
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<a href="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/cglp.jpg" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="cglp" height="92" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/cglp.jpg" style="border: 0px; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="96" /></a> <a href="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/JIL.png" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="JIL" height="62" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/JIL.png" style="border: 0px; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="188" /></a> <a href="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/markkula.jpg" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="markkula" height="113" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/markkula.jpg" style="border: 0px; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="69" /></a> <a href="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/ASIL1.jpg" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="ASIL" height="47" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/ASIL1.jpg" style="border: 0px; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="269" /></a></div>
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and IEnLIG</div>
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The relationship between international human rights law and the environment has been of interest to scholars and activists for some time, yet recent years have seen a rapid evolution of the issues. Increasingly, activists bring cases relating human rights concerns to issues such as climate change, the discriminatory effects of environmental degradation, and soil and water pollution from mineral exploration activities. Matters are heard before domestic courts and international human rights bodies, such as the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, the European Court of Human Rights, and the Inter-American Commission and Court of Human Rights. The high visibility of transnational and global environmental challenges, and the severe impacts they impose upon vulnerable groups — including women, children, and indigenous people — has generated interest in the role that international human rights and environmental law play in addressing such problems.</div>
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The UN Human Rights Council appointed an independent expert on the human right to water in 2008, and the UN General Assembly explicitly recognized a human right to water in 2010. More recently, in 2012, the Human Rights Council appointed John Knox, a U.S. law professor, as an Independent Expert on human rights and the environment.</div>
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As Professor Knox has noted, many issues still require further study and clarification. This symposium represents one important effort to explore pressing issues in the field. The main papers for this symposium address: the relationship to food security; compensation questions related to the rising sea-level caused by climate change; the rights of indigenous people to land and natural resources; and the relationship between substantive and procedural components of the human right to a healthy <a href="" name="14152de3aad6d752_141524261e0a122f_140845c89ef4c2ec__GoBack" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></a>environment.</div>
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<a href="http://law.scu.edu/ai1ec_event/2014-journal-of-international-law-symposium-2/#Shelton" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 1em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">Keynote Speaker: Dinah Shelton</a></h5>
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<a href="http://law.scu.edu/ai1ec_event/2014-journal-of-international-law-symposium-2/#Schedule" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 1em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">Symposium Schedule</a></h5>
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<a href="http://law.scu.edu/ai1ec_event/2014-journal-of-international-law-symposium-2/#Bios" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 1em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">Speaker Biographies</a></h5>
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<a href="http://law.scu.edu/ai1ec_event/2014-journal-of-international-law-symposium-2/#Abstracts" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: 1em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">Abstracts of Conference Papers</a></h5>
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<a href="" name="Schedule" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></a></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Symposium Schedule</span><em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br />Friday, January 24, 2014</em><br /><em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Williman Room, Benson Center</em></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">9:00–9:30 a.m.</span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Registration, Refreshments</span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">9:30–9:45 a.m.</span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Welcome</span></div>
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Tseming Yang, Professor of Law</div>
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John Fox, Editor-in-Chief of the <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Journal of International Law</i></div>
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Hazella Bowmani, Symposium Editor of the <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Journal of International Law</i></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">9:45–11:15 a.m.</span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Panel 1</span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Human Right to a Healthy Environment</span></em><br /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rebecca Bratspies, City University of New York School of Law</span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span>Commentators:</div>
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Marcos Orellana, <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Center for International Environmental Law</i>Margarette May Macaulay, <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">former Judge at the Inter-American Court of Human Rights</i></div>
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<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></i>Moderator:</div>
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Francisco Rivera Juaristi, <em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Santa Clara Law</em></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">11:15–11:30 a.m.</span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Break</span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">11:30 a.m–1:00 p.m.</span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Panel 2</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Promoting Food Security: Human Rights, the Environment and the Fragmented Nature of International Legal Regulation</em></span><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Donald K. Anton, Australian National University College of Law</span></div>
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span>Commentators:</div>
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Sumudu Atapattu, <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">University of Wisconsin Law School</i>Carmen Gonzalez, <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Seattle</i><i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> University School</i><i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> of Law</i></div>
<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></i><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></i>Moderator:</div>
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Emily Yozell, <em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Attorney, Costa Rica</em></div>
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<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">1:00–2:30 p.m.</span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Lunch (and Special Lunchtime Presentation)</span></div>
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Speaker: Martin Wagner,<em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Earthjustice</em></div>
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<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">2:30–4:00 p.m.</span></div>
</td><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Panel 3</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rehabilitation: A Proposal for a Compensation Mechanism For Small Island States</span></em><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Maxine Burkett, University of Hawaii, William S. Richardson School of Law</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span>Commentators:</div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
Damilola Olawuyi, <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">University</i><i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> of Oxford</i><i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">, Faculty of Law</i>Randall S. Abate,<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> Florida A&M University College of Law</i></div>
<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></i><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></i>Moderator:</div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
Natalie Bridgeman Fields, <em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Accountability Counsel</em></div>
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<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">4:00–4:15 p.m.</span></div>
</td><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Break</span></div>
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<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">4:15–5:15 p.m.</span></div>
</td><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Keynote Address</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Dinah Shelton, George Washington University</span></div>
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<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">5:15-6:30 p.m.</span></div>
</td><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Reception</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
Foyer, Arts & Sciences Building</div>
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<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #222222; font-family: Museo-sans, sans-serif; font-size: 1.15em; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Saturday, January 25, 2014</em><br /><em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Williman Room, Benson Center</em></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class=" alignleft" style="background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: none; color: #222222; float: left; font-family: Museo-sans, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 5px 20px 20px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1038px;"><tbody style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">8:30–9:00 a.m.</span></div>
</td><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Breakfast</span></div>
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<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">9:00–10:30</span></div>
</td><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Panel 4</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Indigenous Human Rights and the Ethics of “Remediation”: Redressing the Legacy of Uranium Contamination for Native Peoples and Native Lands</em></span><br /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rebecca Tsosie, Arizona State University, Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law</span></div>
<div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span>Commentators:</div>
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Robert T. Coulter, <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Indian Law Resource Center</i>Elizabeth A. Kronk Warner, <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">University</i><i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> of Kansas, School of Law</i></div>
<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></i><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></i>Moderator:</div>
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David Takacs, <em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">UC Hastings College of the Law</em></div>
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<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td style="border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0.8em; vertical-align: baseline;" valign="top"><div style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.15em; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.5; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">10:30–10:45 a.m.</span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">10:45 a.m.–12:00 p.m.</span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Concluding Roundtable and Closing Remarks</span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">JIL Symposium Speakers Biographies</span></div>
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<img align="left" alt="Randall Abate" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-533552" height="144" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Randall-Abate.jpg" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 5px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="100" /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Randall S. Abate</span><br />Randall S. Abate is a Professor of Law, Director of the Center for International Law and Justice, and Project Director of the Environment, Development & Justice Program at Florida A&M University College of Law in Orlando, Florida. At Florida A&M, Professor Abate teaches Environmental Law, International Environmental Law, Environmental Justice: Domestic and International, Human Rights and the Environment Seminar, Advanced Topics in Environmental Law Seminar, Ocean and Coastal Law Seminar, and Constitutional Law I and II. Professor Abate joined the Florida A&M College of Law faculty in 2009 with fifteen years of full-time law teaching experience at Rutgers, Florida State, Florida Coastal, Widener, and Vermont. He has taught international and comparative environmental law courses in study abroad programs in Nairobi, Vancouver, Northern India, Buenos Aires, and the Cayman Islands. Professor Abate has published and presented widely on environmental law topics, with a recent emphasis on climate change law and justice. He is the co-editor (with Professor Elizabeth Kronk of the University of Kansas School of Law) of Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples: The Search for Legal Remedies (Edward Elgar Publishing 2013). In April 2013, he taught a climate change law and justice course in Odessa, Ukraine on a Fulbright Specialists grant. Early in his career, Professor Abate handled environmental law matters at two law firms in Manhattan. He holds a B.A. from the University of Rochester and a J.D. and M.S.E.L. (Environmental Law and Policy) from Vermont Law School.</div>
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<img align="left" alt="Donald Anton" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-533554" height="138" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Donald-Anton.jpg" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 5px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="100" /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Donald Anton</span><br />Donald Anton is an Associate Professor at Australian National University and is a recognized expert in international law. He has appeared as Counsel in the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and hasserved as Counsel and Attorney of Record for amicus briefs filed in <em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum</em> (SCOTUS) and <em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Chevron v. Donziger</em> (2nd Cir.). Professor Anton consults regularly with government and international organizations on matters of international law. He is currently leading an international team of researchers, funded by the Australian Government, in a three-year project testing underlying assumptions surrounding deep seabed mining by developing countries in the Asia pacific. Professor Anton has served in a variety of international law leadership positions. He is currently Co-Chair of the American Society of International Law International Environmental Law Interest Group. He was a Member of the International Law Association’s Committee on International Law on Sustainable Development, which produced the 2012 Sophia Guiding Statement on Judicial Elaboration of Sustainable Development. Professor Anton is a regular visiting professor at law schools and institutions around the world, including Michigan Law School, Yangon University Law Department, and the United Nations Institute of Training and Research.</div>
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<img align="left" alt="Sumudu Atapattu" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-533555" height="143" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Sumudu-Atapattu.jpg" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 5px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="100" /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Sumudu Atapattu</span><br />Sumudu Atapattu is the Associate Director of the Global Legal Studies Center at the University of Wisconsin Law School. She teaches seminar courses on “International Environmental Law” and “Climate Change, Human Rights and the Environment.” She has LLM and PhD Degrees from University of Cambridge and is an Attorney-at-Law of the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka. She has published widely on issues relating to sustainable development, human rights and the environment, and climate change and her book entitled Emerging Principles of International Environmental Law was published by Transnational Publishers in 2006. She is also the Lead Counsel for Human Rights at the Center for International Environmental Law, Montreal, Canada and is an Advisory Board Member of the McGill International Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy. Before coming to the United States, she was an Associate Professor at University of Colombo Law School and a Consultant to the Law & Society Trust in Colombo, Sri Lanka Her research interests include human rights and environment, climate change, environmental migration and sustainable development.</div>
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<img align="left" alt="Rebecca Bratspies" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-533557" height="123" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Rebecca-Bratspies.jpg" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 5px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="100" /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rebecca Bratspies</span><br />Rebecca Bratspies is a Professor of Law at the CUNY School of Law where she is the founding director of the CUNY Center for Urban Environmental Reform. She has published widely on regulating under conditions of uncertainty—with a focus on environmental democracy, regulating new technologies and corporate responsibility. Her recent scholarship explores questions of sustainability, and the intersection of human rights and environmental regulation. She is a scholar with the Center for Progressive Reform, the Environmental Law Collective and has served as an appointed member of the ABA Standing Committee on Environmental Law, a member of the Executive Committee of the American Association of Law Schools Section on the Environment, and an advisor to the Consultative Group on Agricultural Research. Before entering academia, Professor Bratspies served as a judicial law clerk to the Honorable C. Arlen Beam of the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals. As a Henry Luce Foundation Scholar, Professor Bratspies spent a year seconded to the Republic of China (Taiwan) Environmental Protection Administration. She has taught at the University of Idaho, Michigan State University and NYU. She holds a BA in Biology from Wesleyan University and a J.D. <em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">cum laude </em>from the University of Pennsylvania.</div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="Natalie Bridgeman-FIelds" class="alignleft" height="130" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/natalie-bridgeman-fields.jpg" style="border: 0px; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 20px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="108" />Natalie Bridgeman Fields</span></div>
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Natalie Bridgeman Fields is the Executive Director of the non-profit organization Accountability Counsel, based in San Francisco, California. She founded the organization in 2009 upon receiving an Echoing Green Fellowships for her groundbreaking social entrepreneurship. Natalie oversees a team of lawyers who defend the environmental and human rights of vulnerable communities and work to improve accountability policy at international institutions. Accountability Counsel’s work pays particular attention to women, girls and other marginalized groups, who are often the most deeply harmed by abuses. Previously, she served as a consultant on accountability to two international development banks. As a lawyer at a large firm and later through her own law office, she litigated corporate, human rights, and environmental cases in U.S. courts. Natalie speaks widely on issues related to corporate accountability and business and human rights.<span style="border: 0px; color: #540001; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span>In July 2012, Natalie received a Genius Award from <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Elle</i> magazine. She is a graduate of Cornell University and UCLA School of Law, where she was Editor-in-Chief of the <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Journal of International Law and Foreign Affairs</i>.</div>
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<img align="left" alt="Maxine Burkett" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-533559" height="142" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Maxine-Burkett.jpg" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 5px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="100" /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Maxine Burkett</span><br />Maxine Burkett is a Professor of Law at the University of Hawaii, William S. Richardson School of Law who teaches Climate Change Law and Policy, Torts, Environmental Law, International Environmental Law, and International Development. She has written extensively in the area of climate change law and policy from diverse perspectives with a particular focus on climate justice, exploring the disparate impact of climate change on vulnerable communities in the United States and globally. Professor Burkett has presented her research on the law and policy of climate change throughout the United States and in West Africa, Asia, Europe and the Caribbean. In 2010, she served as the Wayne Morse Chair of Law and Politics at the Wayne Morse Center, University of Oregon, becoming the youngest scholar to have held the position. Professor Burkett also served as the inaugural Director of the Center for Island Climate Adaptation and Policy (ICAP). As the Director of ICAP, she led projects to address climate change law, policy, and planning for island communities in Hawaii, the Pacific region, and beyond. Prior to joining the University of Hawaii, Professor Burkett taught at the University of Colorado Law School. She studied at Oxford University, Exeter College and earned her B.A. from Williams College, and her J.D. from the University of California, Berkeley.</div>
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<img align="left" alt="Robert Coulter" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-533561" height="117" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Robert-Coulter.jpg" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 5px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="100" /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Robert T. Coulter</span><br />Robert Coulter is an attorney who practices in the fields of Indian law and international human rights. He is the founder and Executive Director of the Indian Law Resource Center, which provides legal assistance for indigenous peoples throughout the Americas. He is also an enrolled member of the Citizen Potawatomi Nation and a Justice of the Supreme Court of the Citizen Potawatomi Nation. With more than 35 years of legal experience in the field of Indian affairs and human rights, Mr. Coulter has published numerous articles in these and other fields of law. Before starting the Indian Law Resoruce Center in 1978, he was Acting Executive Director of the Institute for the Development of Indian Law, staff attorney for the Native American Legal Defense and Education Fund and the United States Commission on Civil Rights. In 2001 Mr. Coulter was awarded the Lawrence A. Wein Prize for Social Responsibility by Columbia University Law School and in 2002 the Bicentennial Medal by Williams College. He received his bachelor’s degree from Williams College and his law degree <em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">cum laude</em> from Columbia University Law School.</div>
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<img align="left" alt="Carmen Gonzalez" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-533553" height="124" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Carmen-Gonzalez.jpg" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 5px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="100" /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Carmen G. Gonzalez</span><br />Carmen Gonzalez is a Professor of Law at Seattle University School of Law. She has published widely in the areas of international environmental law, environmental justice, trade and the environment, and food security, and recently co-edited <em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Presumed Incompetent</em>, a book on the experiences of women faculty of color. She currently serves on the Board of Trustees of Earthjustice and on the Research Committee of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Academy of Environmental Law. She is also a member scholar of the Center for Progressive Reform, a non-profit research and educational organization that seeks to inform policy debates regarding environmental regulation. From 2011 to 2012, Professor Gonzalez chaired the Environmental Law Section of the Association of American Law Schools. She has served as member and Vice-Chair of the International Subcommittee of the National Environmental Justice Advisory Council (an advisory body to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on environmental justice issues), and has represented non-governmental organizations in multilateral environmental treaty negotiations. Professor Gonzalez received her B.A. in Political Science from Yale University and her J.D. from Harvard Law School.</div>
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<img align="left" alt="Elizabeth Kronk Warner" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-533562" height="136" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Elizabeth-Kronk-Warner.jpg" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 5px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="100" /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Elizabeth A. Kronk Warner</span><br />Elizabeth Kronk Warner is an Associate Professor of Law at the University of Kansas, School of Law where she teaches property, environmental and natural resources law and federal Indian law. She also serves as the director of the Tribal law and Government Center and as an Affiliated Professor of Indigenous Studies. Prior to joining the University of Kansas, she taught at Texas Tech University and the University of Montana. In 2010, Professor Kronk Warner was selected to serve as an Environmental Justice Young Fellow through the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars and U.S.-China Partnership for Environmental Law at Vermont Law School. In addition to teaching, Professor Kronk Warner serves as an appellate judge for the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians Court of Appeals in Michigan. Before entering academia, Professor Kronk practiced environmental, Indian, and energy law as an associate in the Washington, D.C., offices of Latham & Watkins LLP and Troutman Sanders LLP. She previously served as chair of the Federal Bar Association Indian Law Section and was elected to the Association’s national board of directors in 2011. Professor Kronk Warner is a citizen of the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians. She graduated from Cornell University with a Bachelor of Science in Communication and received her law degree from the University of Michigan Law School.</div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Margarette May Macaulay</span><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Margarette-May-Macaulay.jpg" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="Margarette May Macaulay shown" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-533735" height="164" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Margarette-May-Macaulay.jpg" style="border: 0px; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 20px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="119" /></a></span><br />Margarette May Macaulay is a Jamaican attorney and former Judge at the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Ms. Macaulay continues her practice as an Attorney-at-Law and women’s and children’s advocate, with her own Chambers in Jamaica. She has worked on several emblematic cases involving indigenous land rights. She is also a Notary Public and a Supreme Court Mediator and Associate Arbitrator, devoting her time to addressing matters of Constitutional and Fundamental Human Rights Law, Property Rights Law and Conveyance, General Contract Law, Estates Law and Criminal Law. Ms. Macaulay chaired the Family Law Committee of the Jamaican Bar Association and is a member of the Law Reform Committee, the Publications Committee, and the Human Rights and Constitutional Committee. She is a long serving member of the Disciplinary Committee of the General Legal Council of Jamaica. She is also a member of several human rights organizations nationally and internationally, including the</div>
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Coalition for an International Criminal Court and the Women’s Gender Initiative, both in the Hague. Ms. Macaulay has presented papers in international, regional, and national conferences and has facilitated in training sessions. She also taught a course on human rights at American University, Washington College of Law in 2012 and the University of Peace 2012 and 2013. Ms. Macaulay earned her law degree from the University of London, Holborn College.</div>
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<img align="left" alt="Damilola Olawuyi" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-533563" height="137" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Damilola-Olawuyi.jpg" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 5px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="100" /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Damilola S. Olawuyi</span><br />Dr. Damilola S. Olawuyi, LL.M (Harvard), D.Phil (Oxford); is the Director (Research and Training) of the Institute for Oil, Gas, Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development (OGEES Institute) at Afe Babalola University, Nigeria. His research and published work cover the areas of International Environmental Law, Human Rights Law, Energy and Natural Resources Law. His current research explores the cross cutting linkages between global climate change and international human rights, particularly how climate change mitigation and adaptation projects could potentially affect the enjoyment of fundamental human rights. He has received several national and international awards including the Sloane Robinson Award, the World Energy Council’s Future Energy Leader’s Award, and the Alberta Law Foundation Scholarship Award.</div>
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Mr. Olawuyi is also a member of many professional societies including the World Energy Council, the Association of International Petroleum Negotiators, the Environmental Law Alliance Worldwide, and the International Law Association. Dr. Olawuyi holds a doctoral degree in energy and environmental law from the University of Oxford, a LL.M from Harvard Law School and another LL.M from the University of Calgary, Canada. He earned his LL.B from Igbinedion University, Nigeria, graduating in First Class Honours and his BL degree from the Nigerian Law School, also graduating in First Class Honours. He also holds a Diploma in International Environmental Law from the United Nations Institute for Research and Training (UNITAR), in Switzerland</div>
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<img align="left" alt="Marco Orellana" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-533564" height="147" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Marco-Orellana.jpg" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 5px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="100" /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Marcos A. Orellana</span><br />Dr. Marcos A. Orellana (LL.M., S.J.D.) is Director of CIEL’s Environmental Health Program and Adjunct Professor at the American University Washington College of Law. At CIEL Dr Orellana has worked with NGOs and local communities worldwide to strengthen tools to protect the vital functions of the planet and secure global environmental justice, including with respect to chemicals and waste, oceans and biodiversity, and trade and investment. Prior to joining CIEL, Dr. Orellana was a Fellow to the Lauterpacht Research Centre for International Law of the University of Cambridge, UK. He also was a Visiting Scholar with the Environmental Law Institute in Washington DC and Instructor Professor of international law at the Universidad de Talca, Chile. Dr Orellana has acted as legal counsel to the Chilean Ministry of Foreign Affairs on international environmental issues. In that capacity Dr Orellana has worked with MEAs and the Rio+20 process. Dr Orellana has also acted as consultant to several International Institutions, including the UN Environment Programme and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.</div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="wpid-rivera-juaristi-francisco.jpg" class="alignleft" height="138" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/wpid-rivera-juaristi-francisco6.jpg" style="border: 0px; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 20px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="104" />Francisco Rivera Juaristi</span><br />Prior to coming to Santa Clara University School of Law as founding director of the law school’s International Human Rights Clinic, Francisco was an adjunct professor of international law and human rights at the Inter-American University of Puerto Rico. He is a former senior staff attorney at the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of the Organization of American States seated in Costa Rica, where he was also director of that court’s internship program. In the late 1990s, he also served as Executive Director of the Amnesty International Section in Puerto Rico. He has been a consultant for a number of non-governmental organizations (NGOs), as well as for the United Nations Development Fund (UNDP), the International Labor Organization (ILO), and the Inter-American Institute of Human Rights (IIHR).</div>
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Francisco has worked on a number of high-profile cases involving grave human rights violations, particularly throughout Latin America. His publications include issues such as indigenous land rights, as well as corporate and individual responsibility for human rights violations before both domestic and international fora. He has directed the law school’s Costa Rica summer program and has previously taught courses on Public International Law, International Courts, and International Human Rights Law.</div>
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<img align="left" alt="Dinah Shelton" class="alignleft wp-image-533565" height="136" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Dinah-Shelton.jpg" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 5px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="100" /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Dinah Shelton</span> Dinah L. Shelton is the Manatt/Ahn professor of law (emeritus) at George Washington University Law School. Her extensive writing on international human rights has received many awards, including the 2005 New York Public Library Best Research Book Award, the 2000 Certificate of Merit from the American Society of International Law, and the 1982 Inter-American Bar Association Book Prize. In 2006, she was awarded the prestigious Elizabeth Haub Prize in Environmental Law and has also been awarded the Burhenne Prize in international environmental law (2012), the Riesenfeld award in international law (2013), the Goler T. Butcher Prize in human rights (2013), and the ASIL’s prominent woman in international law recognition. In 2011 she receive the degree of doctor honoris causa from the University of Stockholm.</div>
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Professor Shelton serves on the boards of many human rights and environmental organizations. She is a member of the board of editors of the American Journal of International Law and was vice-president of the American Society of International Law. In 2009, Professor Shelton became the first woman nominated by the United States to become a member of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, and served as President of the Commission in 2010. She has also served as a legal consultant to the United Nations Environment Programme, UNITAR, World Health Organization, the European Union, Council of Europe, and the Organization of American States.</div>
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Professor Shelton received her B.A. and J.D. from the University of California, Berkeley. Prior to her appointment to GWU law school, she was a professor of international law and director of the doctoral program in international human rights law at the University of Notre Dame Law School. She previously taught at Santa Clara University and has been a visiting lecturer at the University of California, Davis, Stanford University, University of California, Berkeley, the University of Paris, and the University of Strasbourg, France. From 1987 to 1989, she was the director of the Office of Staff Attorneys at the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.</div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="Contact Information" class="alignleft" height="149" src="http://www.uchastings.edu/academics/faculty/facultybios/images-192x265/takacs.jpg" style="border: 0px; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 20px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="107" />David Takacs</span>Professor David Takacs is an Associate Professor at UC Hastings College of the Law. He has been a consultant for international NGOs and U.S. government agencies, analyzing legal and policy issues pertaining to REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation) and global climate change. His scholarly work lies at the intersection between international environmental and human rights law. He is the author of ”The Idea of Biodiversity” (Johns Hopkins U. Press). Before his legal career, Professor Takacswas a professor in Earth Systems Science & Policy at CSU Monterey Bay, a lecturer in the John S. Knight Writing Program at Cornell, and a Peace Corps Forestry Volunteer in Senegal. Professor Takacs holds a J.D. from Hastings, an LL.M. from the School of Oriental & African Studies at the University of London, and a B.S. in Biology, M.A., and Ph.D. in Science & Technology Studies from Cornell University.</div>
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<img align="left" alt="Rebecca Tsosie" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-533566" height="142" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/Rebecca-Tsosie.jpg" style="border: 1px solid black; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 5px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="100" /><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rebecca Tsosie</span><br />Rebecca Tsosie is a Regent’s Professor of Law at Arizona State University, Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law. She teaches in the areas of Indian law, Property, Bioethics, and Critical Race Theory, as well as seminars in International Indigenous Rights and in the College’s Tribal Policy, Law, and Government Master of Laws program. Professor Tsosie has written and published widely on doctrinal and theoretical issues related to tribal sovereignty, environmental policy, and cultural rights, and her current research deals with Native rights to genetic resources. Professor Tsosie, who is of Yaqui descent, has worked extensively with tribal governments and organizations and serves as a Supreme Court Justice for the Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation. She annually speaks at several national conferences on tribal sovereignty, self-determination, and tribal rights to environmental and cultural resources. Professor Tsosie holds a bachelor’s degree and J.D. from the University of California, Los Angeles.</div>
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nd a B.S. in Biology, M.A., and Ph.D. in Science & Technology Studies from Cornell University.</div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="" class="alignleft" height="126" src="http://earthjustice.org/sites/default/files/imagecache/staff/wagner-m.jpg" style="border: 0px; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 20px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="108" /></span><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Martin Wagner</span>Martin Wagner is the director of Earthjustice’s International Program, which promotes the protection of human rights to a clean and healthy environment through application of trade measures, international human rights and U.S. law. His work includes litigation against corporations before U.S. courts and international institutions for environmental practices that violate international human rights, including the the human right to a healthy environment. Mr. Wagner also teaches international environmental law and international trade and the environment at the Golden Gate University School of Law. Before coming to Earthjustice in 1996, Mr. Wagner was a law clerk for Judge Robert Beezer of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, and spent five years litigating environmental citizen suits in U.S. courts and representing victims of human rights violations in international institutions. Mr. Wagner graduated from Whitman College with a degree in geology and then became a community development volunteer with the Peace Corps in Senegal, West Africa. He attended the University of Virginia Law School, where he was executive editor of the <i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Virginia Journal of International Law</i> and graduated in the top ten percent of his class.</div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/EJY-close-up-.jpg" style="border: 0px; color: #9e1c20; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="EJY close-up" class="alignleft wp-image-552924" height="129" src="http://law.scu.edu/wp-content/uploads/EJY-close-up-.jpg" style="border: 0px; float: left; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; height: auto; line-height: inherit; margin: 5px 20px 20px 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="97" /></a>Emily J. Yozell</span></div>
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Emily J. Yozell is an attorney based in Costa Rica practicing in the fields of international human rights and environment. For the past 25 years, she has worked in Latin America in national, regional and global forums, advocating on behalf of local communities, farmworkers, indigenous and other ethnic and cultural minorities, to promote their rights and train community leaders. Ms. Yozell co-founded the first public interest environmental litigation organization in Central America and has collaborated with numerous non-governmental human rights organizations throughout the Americas. Ms. Yozell has led many legal and fact-finding delegations investigating allegations of human rights abuses as well as election monitoring for international NGOs. Ms. Yozell has served as adjunct professor for several U.S. law school and university study abroad programs in Central America, as well as guest lecturer for courses and symposiums in the U.S.. Prior to moving to Costa Rica, she practiced criminal defense and immigration law in the U.S. and Puerto Rico. Ms. Yozell has a B.A. in Latin American Studies from Antioch College and a J.D. from Northeastern University School of Law.</div>
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<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The Human Right to a Healthy Environment</span></i><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rebecca Bratspies, <span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">City University of New York School of Law</span></span></div>
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<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span>This paper will trace the emergence of a human right to a healthy environment, and will detail the potential procedural and substantive components of such a right. Having laid this groundwork, this paper will explore why substantive environmental rights have gained less traction in international legal discourse than have procedural rights, situating the debate over environmental human rights in a broader narrative about the relationship between procedural guarantees and substantive outcomes. Focusing particularly on the rights of prior informed consent, and access to justice, this paper will map out a role for private, non-state actors as front-line human rights decision-makers in the context of resource extraction decisions that impact indigenous communities. Building on this analysis of the human rights obligations of non-state actors, this article will suggest a state responsibility to create an effective regulatory system capable of enforcing those obligations. Finally, turning to the United States, this paper will demonstrate how interpreting domestic legal obligations through the lens of human rights can give meaning to a legislative and regulatory commitment to participation, fairness and accountability, thereby making the domestic regulatory process not only better and fairer, but also more likely to be perceived as legitimate by the general public.<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></i></div>
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<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Promoting Food Security: Human Rights, the Environment and the Imperfect Nature of Overlapping International Legal Regulation</span></i><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Don Anton, <span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Australian National University College of Law</span><i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></i></span></div>
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The international community continues to struggle with an effective response to the continuing problem of securing global food security. All agree that avoiding future food crises is paramount. Almost all agree that international solutions are needed. There is disagreement, however, on the specifics of these international solutions and tensions continue to make effective action difficult. These tensions play out in the competing policy prescriptions by governments, international institutions, and scholars. States, themselves, act inconsistently and disagree with each other about the measures needed to promote food security. All this dissonance is exacerbated by overlapping branches of international law that imperfectly promote food security worldwide. International environmental law, human rights, trade disciplines, refugee law, natural disaster law, and norms related to human security all have something to say about the global food system. These regimes contain rules that govern the right to food, the mitigation of environmental threats, agrarian reform, property tenure, agricultural patents, resource management, freedom of trade and investment, and population control. Nothing, however, is a perfect “fit”.</div>
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The aim of this paper is to provide an analysis of the current legal and institutional governance structure of the international food system. It seeks to provide an convincing account of the disparate norms and institutional framework that bear on food security from the environmental, human rights, agricultural, development, trade, finance, disaster, security, and population points of view. This is a necessary first step in thinking holistically about the effective global governance of food. It is also needed in order to develop an understanding of how all of these functionally differentiated regimes interact with each other, the situations in which priorities and values conflict, and the ways in which states and other actors make use of these regimes to best suit their interests (to protect food security or otherwise). Before any intelligent attempt at normative integration of global food governance can succeed, a clear understanding must be developed of the ways in which the overlapping legal regimes govern the production and distribution and food and shape the dynamics of famine.</div>
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<i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Indigenous Human Rights and the Ethics of “Remediation”: Redressing the Legacy of Uranium Contamination for Native Peoples and Native Lands</span></i><span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rebecca Tsosie, <span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Arizona State University, Sandra Day O’Connor College of Law</span></span><i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></i></div>
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This essay explores the legacy of uranium contamination for Native peoples throughout the United States, evaluating the consequences of historic government policies and the way that these policies are perpetuated in the present era. The paper also engages the possibilities for “remediation,” within domestic and international frameworks of “environmental justice.” The paper advances the view that a human rights approach requires holistic attention to the current environmental and public health issues, as well as the economic and ethical issues that continue to divide nations at both the domestic and international levels, and prevent coherent policy strategies. In addition, there is a need to engage the policies of “war” and “peace” that have driven the global policy agenda, to the disadvantage of Native peoples, as well as the dynamic of colonialism that perpetuates a notion of Native lands as “resource” colonies for dominant policy interests. An “ethics of remediation,” therefore, is as much about redressing inequities of power, capacity, and agency, as it is about “environmental justice.”</div>
Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-9144793270696571092014-01-01T02:55:00.003-08:002014-01-01T02:55:43.370-08:00Minamata Mercury Convention Acceptance - pt2I have been meaning to follow up on my earlier note about the Minamata Convention, but too many things going on, which I will post separately about.<br />
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First, here's an interesting early comment on the US acceptance of the Minamata Convention, <a href="http://opiniojuris.org/2013/11/12/doesnt-u-s-senate-care-mercury/">http://opiniojuris.org/2013/11/12/doesnt-u-s-senate-care-mercury/</a>. The blog post raises the possibility of the US joining the Convention as a Congressional-Executive or as a sole executive agreement. Based on my understanding and also some conversations with folks in EPA and at State, the intention is to go at this as a sole executive agreement. As far as I know, this thinking is not being advertised anywhere. But given that there were consultations with Congress (at least the Senate, presumably), as I was told, such thinking must have been communicated (since that would be the first question any lawyer would ask), and the Senate (or some key senators) appears to be OK with this. <br />
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This is of course highly unusual. While the use of the sole executive power itself is not at all uncommon with respect to participation in international treaties, it is arguably unprecedented with respect to a major multilateral environmental agreement (though the US has used this device with respect to a subsidiary protocol to a major MEA). With MEAs, Congress has virtually always been involved, which would make especially great sense since these treaties oftentimes overlap and complement domestic environmental legislation. <br />
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On the other hand, most, if not all, of the treaty can already be implemented by EPA's authority under the Clean Air Act (guess where all of the concepts/provisions about BAT came from . . . ) and TSCA, as well as the authority of other agencies. So, if one sees Congress' role just as providing implementing tools, as opposed to giving its "approval" for US participation in the Minamata Convention, the Administration's approach makes sense. <br />
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What's curious is that there has not been more coverage of this. But I suppose that this is sufficiently technical that it would escape most journalists. Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-24386725868294893102013-12-23T01:00:00.000-08:002013-12-23T01:00:28.293-08:00Chengdu VisitI was in China last week for some meetings/lectures and had the opportunity to visit the Giant Panda Research Station in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. This was my first time there, and it is an impressive facility. I must have seen at least 20-25 Giant Pandas, ranging from the very young to adults. The animals were mostly individually housed in large enclosures that mimicked their natural habitats. The entire station was large enough for me to wander around for more than a couple of hours. Here's a picture of me with several adult Giant Pandas in the back.<br />
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Of course, also lots of air pollution in Chengdu, mostly because of vehicle emissions and coal use.Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-86515342013538038092013-12-22T14:26:00.000-08:002013-12-22T14:26:11.368-08:00John Cruden to be nominated to be Assistant Attorney General for Environment Division at US DOJHere is some great news for the environment. The President is going to nominate John Cruden, currently President of the Environmental Law Institute, to be the next Assistant Attorney General for the Environment and Natural Resources Division at the US Department of Justice. Here's the White House announcement: <br />
<a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/12/19/president-obama-announces-more-key-administration-posts">http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/12/19/president-obama-announces-more-key-administration-posts</a><br />
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John will be taking the position previously held by Ignacia Moreno. At Santa Clara Law School, we are particularly proud because John is a SCU Law grad.Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-77735004851210970682013-11-16T03:55:00.001-08:002013-11-16T03:55:26.245-08:00United States is first state to become a party to the Minamata Mercury ConventionSomething highly unusual occurred last week, on November 11. The U.S. became the first state to join the <a href="http://www.mercuryconvention.org/" target="_blank">Minamata Mercury Convention,</a> a comprehensive agreement addressing the trade, disposal, mining, and air emissions of mercury. Mercury is, of course, a very serious neurotoxin. Mercury poisoning came to worldwide attention in the 1950s and 60s with Minamata disease in Japan. <br />
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The act of the US, <a href="http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2013/11/217295.htm" target="_blank">deposition of an instrument of acceptance of the Convention by Assistant Secretary for Oceans, Environment and International Scientific Affairs Kerri-Ann Jones</a>, is remarkable for at least three reasons: First, the US is the first state to become a party. (Check out the list of signatures/ratifications, <a href="http://www.mercuryconvention.org/Countries/tabid/3428/Default.aspx" target="_blank">which has a map showing only the United States as a party</a>, as of today, November 15). Second, it is also remarkable because it is the first Multilateral Environmental Agreement in many years that the US has actually joined as a party, rather than only signing. There are many MEAs where US status is in limbo -- signed by the US, but not ratified. Finally, the instrument deposited by the US was not a ratification, but rather an acceptance. In other words, the State Department chose to forego Senate advice and consent on this agreement, which has been the traditional pathway for the US joining a treaty regime, and joined the treaty based on existing legal authority and in the nature of an executive agreement. <br />
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According to the State Department's press release: "The United States has already taken significant steps to reduce the amount of mercury we generate and release to the environment, and can implement Convention obligations under existing legislative and regulatory authority. The Minamata Convention complements domestic measures by addressing the transnational nature of the problem." <br />
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This is important recognition of significant authority the federal government and the President have already to address international problems like mercury pollution and it is not necessary to go to Congress for additional implementing authority. The most important practical benefit of this approach, of course, is that it skips Congress, the most significant bottle-neck for more active engagement by the US on a number of important environmental treaties.<br />
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<br />Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-3038337327868645122013-11-10T09:39:00.002-08:002013-11-10T09:39:40.715-08:00Brand New Earthjustice Board MemberJust this past Friday, the Earthjustice Board of Trustees elected me as a new member of the Board. I am honored and excited to join this amazing organization, which has fought for the communities, the environment and the public interest for over 4 decades now. With its 80+ lawyers, it is probably not just the largest public interest environmental law firm in the country, but also internationally. For more info on Earthjustice, see www.earthjustice.org.Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-26560992797808666502013-09-19T16:34:00.003-07:002013-09-19T16:34:58.583-07:00A feature in Santa Clara Law MagazineA link to the Santa Clara Law Magazine, featuring a big image of yours truly on the cover and an essay on climate change law.<br />
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<a href="http://issuu.com/santaclarauniversity/docs/sclaw_spring_2013_web?workerAddress=ec2-54-224-71-126.compute-1.amazonaws.com">http://issuu.com/santaclarauniversity/docs/sclaw_spring_2013_web?workerAddress=ec2-54-224-71-126.compute-1.amazonaws.com</a><br />
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<br />Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-25582647904769025032013-08-08T16:26:00.001-07:002013-08-08T16:26:13.278-07:00EPA Confirmations and OtherCongratulations to my former EPA colleagues Avi Garbow and Jim Jones, who were confirmed by the Senate to their positions as EPA General Counsel and as EPA Assistant Administrator for Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, respectively, last Thursday. Yay! <br />
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As part of the same Senate confirmation vote, Daniel Baer, previously Deputy Assistant Secretary for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor was confirmed to become US Ambassador to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. I worked with Dan while I was EPA and look forward to hearing about the great work he'll do at OSCE.<br />
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A few weeks ago, Gina McCarthy was confirmed as the new EPA Administator. Another Yay!<br />
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Finally, also a public congratulations to Howard Shelanski, who was confirmed some weeks ago to become Administrator for the OMB Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs. Howard was a classmate of mine at Berkeley Law and, I am sure, will do great work.Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-74751814704482936092013-06-18T14:33:00.002-07:002013-06-18T14:33:34.433-07:00Magazine CoverHere I am as the "covergirl" for the latest issue of the Santa Clara Law School magazine. Surprising honor, as I did not know that I was going to grace the cover! I hope my complexion is Ok.<br />
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<br />Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-38381078741404365582013-06-18T09:35:00.001-07:002013-06-18T09:35:11.054-07:00another EPA/Washington DC gossip itemAvi Garbow was nominated to be the next EPA General Counsel last week. He is currently Deputy General Counsel. <br />
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<a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/06/07/presidential-nominations-sent-senate-0">http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/06/07/presidential-nominations-sent-senate-0</a><br />
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Good luck with the confirmation hearings, Avi!<br />
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<br />Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10312529.post-65709490128750660102013-05-28T21:07:00.001-07:002013-05-28T21:07:11.136-07:00Former EPA Administrator Lisa Jackson to join Apple as VP for Environmental InitiativesWhat a great move for Apple! With her reputation and skills, she'll do amazing things for them. I am pretty excited to have her out here in Silicon Valley.<div>
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See this link for story in Politico, a Washington political gossip/news organization.</div>
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<a href="http://www.politico.com/story/2013/05/lisa-jackson-epa-apple-91971.html?hp=f3">http://www.politico.com/story/2013/05/lisa-jackson-epa-apple-91971.html?hp=f3</a></div>
Tseming Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08037414343166275945noreply@blogger.com0